Hydraulic air-compressor



(No Moae1 asheets-sheet 1.

"'ADOLPH FABBRDU PAUR.

HYDRAULIGVAIR COMPRESSOR,

No. 561,160. Patented June Z, 1896. E. TLQ.. '3L

- (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' ADOLPH FABER DU PAUR.

HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR.

No. 661,166. 1366611666 June z, 1696.

WATER.

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. ATTORNEY (No Model.) l 3 Sheets-Sheet -3. ADOLPH FABER DU FAUR.HYDRAULIC AIR COMPRESSOR Patented June 2, 1896.

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ATTOR N EY 'out loss of efficiency.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HYDRAULIC AIR-COMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Application filed November r2O, l8 9 3.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that LADOLPH FABER DU FAUR` a citizen of the United Statesof America, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and Stateof New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHydraulic Air-Compressors, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention refers to improvements in hydraulic air-compressors of theclass called trornp, (wassertfrommcl gebldse.) In such apparatus air isdrawn into the upper part of a vertical tube of uniform area throughside holes or through a central tube by means of a stream of water andis carried down with the water into a box or chamber, from which air andwater are separately carried oif. By this arrangement the full availablehead of water is not brought into action in the jet apparatus-on thecontrary, but a small part of it-the efficiency of the apparatus is verylow,and but a comparatively low air-pressure is obtained.

The object of Vmy invention is to increase 'the efficiency of hydraulicair-compressors of this class and to supply highly-compressed air. Forthis purpose it consists, essentially, in the arrangement andconstruction of parts, which I shall hereinafter fully describe, forbringing the full available head of water into action in the jetapparatus and for using the exhaust-water by returning it to acompressor, either to one of a series, or when but one jet apparatus isused to the same by first passing it through a pump which restablishesthe original pressure. By bringing the full available head of water intoaction in the jet apparatus, by discharging into a separator against asuperincumbent column of water and air, and by passing the waste underthe pressure of the compressed air to the injector the air can be veryhighly compressed with- In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is asectional elevation of a complete apparatus, the section being taken onthe line 1 1, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is aplan view of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is asectional detail view of part of the injector. Fig. 4t is a plan view ofa series of water-jet compressors. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic elevation ofFig. 4 on a reduced scale.

Patent No. 561,160, dated June 2, 1896.

Serial No. 491,414. (No model.)

Similar letters designate corresponding parts.

In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the letter A designates a jet apparatus, consistingof a globe a, with lateral inlet b for water under pressure fromsupply-pipe c, a mouthpiece d, screwed into the globe, and an air-inletpipe adjustably screwed into the opposite end of the globe a and projectinginto the mouthpiece d to about the narrowest part of the same,leaving an annular space between the inside of the piece CZ and theoutside of the inner end of the airsupply pipe e, through which spacethe water is forced. 'Io the outer end of the air-supply pipe e issecured a globe g with two checkvalves f, through which air directlyfrom the atmosphere, or from a blower, enters the globe g and pipe e. Asingle check-valve, however, may be used. his a rod screwed into theglobe g and projecting with its inner tapering end into the air-pipe eand serving for the regulation of the opening of the airpipe. To preventwhirls in the mouthpiece d, short fins 1l and j may be attached to theinner ends of the air-pipe and of rod h, as indicated in Fig. 3.

B is a tapering pipe attached to and forming` the continuation of themouthpiece d,

with which it may be made in one piece, if

desired. To the wide end of the pipe B is attached an elbow C and'to thelatter a short pipe D.

E is a closed vessel, which I call a separator, into which projectsupwardly a pipe D connected with pipe D.

cooler F, and through which air or cold water passes for cooling thewater.

G is a centrifugal pump, Ithe suction end of which is connected with thelower part of the cooler F by pipes q, while the discharge is connectedwith the supply-pipe c of the globe A.

His a safety-valve7 and I a valve placed IOO in the discharge-pipe fordrawing off compressed air.

The cooler F may be omitted or the separator and cooler may be made inone. Instead of a centrifugal water-pump any kind of pressure-pump maybe used for taking up the exhaust-water and delivering it under i11-creased pressure into the jet apparatus. The cooler F (shown in thedrawings) is designed principally for cooling the circulating water. Itconsists of a shell communicating with the vessel E by means of a pipe oand with the pump by means of a pipe q. The top of the shell isconnected with the air-pipe n?, by a branch `u to establish equalpressure upon the water in E and in F. Cooling-pipes p pass through thevessel from top to bottom, none however at the center, where the pipes uand f] connect at top and bottom, respectively. The water is thusbrought in contact with the large surfaces of the shell and of the pipesp, so that its temperature cannot rise above a certain maximum,depending on the surface of contact and the temperature as well as thekind and quantity of the cooling medium, which latter, in the exampleshown, is atmospheric air. \Vhen it is desired to cool the compressedair also, the current of air may likewise be passed through the same orthrough a separate cooler.

Before starting, the apparatus is filled with the necessary volume ofwater. The pump G receives the waste wat-er from the separator or fromthe cooler substantially under the pressure of the compressed air in theseparater and delivers it to the globe A under a pressure sufficientlyhigh for doing the work' of compressing the required volume of air. Thewater from the globe A passes into the mouthpiece d with a high velocityand low pressure and draws in air through the pipe e, the velocity ofthe mixed air and water on the way to the separator is graduallydecreased, and the pressure correspondingly increased. 'lhe watercarried ofi by the compressed air in the form of Vapor must from time totime be replaced.

For very high pressures of air and particularly for compressing air bywater-power I use several hydraulic air-jet compressors connected inseries, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, where A A2 A3 are jet apparatus, B'B2 B3 the tapering pipes, and E E2 E2 separators. The water under highpressure from any sourcesuch as the penstock w, Fig. -enters the globeA3 through pipe c2, while atmospheric air enters the globe A throughvalvesf' and globe g'. Vater from separator Espasscs through pipe c2into jet apparatus A2 and from separator E2 through pipe c into thefirst jet apparatus A', and then goes either to waste under acomparatively lou7 pressure from separator E or is pumped back intoglobe A2. The air travels through the system in an opposite direction,entering into the first jet apparatus A. After the first compression itis carried by pipe m from the separator E' into the second jet apparatusA2. passes from the separator E2 into the globe A3 and is finallycarried by the water entering through pipe c2 into the separator E, fromwhich itis drawn off through pipe m2. rlhus any desirable number of jetapparatus A' A2 A, conical pipes B B2 B, and separators E' E2 En may beconnected in series, the water under pressure entering the jet apparatusA", passing from E to A', and so on, and being finally discharged fromthe separator A or thence returned through a pump to A, while the airfrom the atmosphere enters A', passes from E into A2, from A2 into A2,and so on, and 'is discharged from E under high pressure. By this meanswater under Very large head may be used to supply air under highpressure without appreciable loss of power, the waste water passing offunder a very much smaller pressure than that due to the finalair-pressure. By this arrangement in series, in connection with acirculating-pump, much. smaller velocities of air and water are requiredin the several injectors than would be required in a single one.

The apparatus in Figs. 1L and 5 also shows the combination, with a jetapparatus, of' a supply-pipe for air under pressure, and such pipes likem and m2 may supply air to the jet, Figs. l to 3, from any suitablesource, such as a fan-blower.

I do not claim as my invention hydraulic apparatus in which air alone ispassed through a centrifugal apparatus against water-pressure or whereair and water together are passed through a centrifugal apparatus.

NVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a hydraulic air-compressor, the combination of a water-jetapparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for waterunder pressure; a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet; agradually-expanding pipe connected to the said mouthpiece at its narrowend; a separator connected to the wide end of the expanding pipe andarranged to cause the mixed air and water to pass into it againstgravity; a discharge-pipe for the exhaust-water connected to a jetapparatus, and a dischargeopening in the upper partl of the separatorfor the compressed air, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a hydraulic air-compressor, the combination of a Water-jetapparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for waterunder pressure; a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet; agraduallyexpanding pipe connected to the said mouth.

piece at its narrow end; a separator connected to the wide end of theexpanding pipe and arranged to cause the mixed air and water to passinto it against gravity, and dischargeopenings for the exhaust-water andfor the compressed air, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

Ahydraulic air-compressor, eonsistingof After second compression it IOOIIO

a series of Water-jet apparatus A', A2 A, a series of separators E', E2E connected with the former by gradually-expandin g pipes B', B2 B, aninlet for Water under high pressure into the jet apparatus A, waterconnections from separator E to jet apparatus A and so on nally from E2to A'; a discharge-pipe for the exhaust-water from E', an air-supplypipe for the jet apparatus A', pipes connecting the air-space of theseparator E' with the jet apparatus A2, E2 with A2, and linallyseparator Elrwith jet apparatus A, and an outlet for the compressed airat the separator E, substantially as and for the purpose specied.

et. A hydraulic air-compressor consisting of a series of water-jetapparatus A', A2 A, a series of separators E', E2 E connected with theformer by gradually-expanding pipes B', B2 B, Water connections from theseparator E to jet apparatus A' and so on iinally from E2 to A; pipesconnecting the air-space of the separator E' with the jet apparatus A2,E2 with A3 and inally separator E' with jet apparatus A, an outlet forcompressed air at the separator E, and a water-pump having its suctionend in connection with the separator E' and its discharge end with thejet apparatus A, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. A hydraulic air-compressor consisting of a series of water-jetapparatus A', A2 A, a series of separators E', E2 En connected with theformer by gradually-expanding pipes B', B2 B, water connections from theseparator Eu to jet apparatus A' and so on 'finally from E2 to A'; pipesconnecting the air-space of the separator E' with the jet apparatus A2,E2 with A3 and finally separator E' with jet apparatus A, an outlet forcompressed air on the separator E, a cooling apparatus connected withthe separator, and a water-pump having its suction end in connectionwith the cooling apparatus and its discharge end with the jet apparatusA, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. A hydraulic air-compressor, consisting of a jet apparatus with aninlet for air and a supply for Water under pressure; agraduallyexpanding pipe connected at its narrow end to the jetapparatus; a separator located above the jet apparatus and connected tothe Wide end of the expanding pipe, and a Waterpump having its suctionconnected to the separator and its discharge end to the supplypipe ofthe jet apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. In a hydraulic air-compressor the combination of a water-jetapparatus provided with an inlet for air and a supply-pipe for waterunder pressure, a contracted mouthpiece where air and water meet, aseparator, a gradually-expanding pipe connected to the said mouthpiecewith its narrow end and to 'the separator with its wide end, a coolerconnected with the separator, and a water-pump having its suction end inconnection With the cooler and-its discharge end with the watersupplypipe of the jet apparatus, substantially as and for the purposespeciied.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname, in presence of two witnesses, this 18th day of November, 1893.

ADOLPH FABER DU FAUR.

Vitnesses:

KLAS H. TERNsTEDT, JAS. KING DUFFY.

